A range of chiral multidentate ligands with As2NP, As4P, As4, As6, P2N2, P4 and very recently P6 and N3P3 donor sets have been synthesised via the coupling of appropriately designed bidentate precursors and often in a highly stereoselective manner. For example, several quadridentate ligands containing three 1,2-phenylene linkages have been synthesized in a completely stereoselective manner that furthermore form the cis-α diastereomer exclusively on coordination to an octahedral metal ion - a key consideration if ligands of this type are to be utilised as chiral auxiliaries in enantioselective synthesis.