Drug checking, also known as pill testing, aims to reduce the potential harms of drug use by providing accurate and timely information on what drugs contain to the people who intend to use them. It is also an effective way to monitor unregulated drug markets. Drug checking can identify the presence of undesired or harmful substances and provide information on drug purity that is not available from any other source. This project will build on the expertise of local chemists and drug checking service providers to develop new testing methods based on spectroscopy, spectrometry, and machine learning models that provide faster, more economical, and more comprehensive testing of drug samples. This will allow for rapid identification of emerging substances of potential concern to the service providers and the wider community.